basic introduction
The so-called hardness is the ability of the material to resist the pressing of harder objects into its surface. According to the different test methods and adaptation scopes, the hardness units can be divided into Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, micro Vickers hardness, etc. Different units have different test methods and are suitable for materials with different characteristics Or occasion.
Test characteristics
Hardness testing is one of the important indicators for testing the performance of materials, and it is also one of the fastest and most economical test methods. The reason why it can become a common method of mechanical property testing is because the hardness test can reflect the differences in the chemical composition, structure and processing technology of the material. It is often used as a means of supervision in all walks of life. For example, in steel materials, when martensite is formed, due to the dissolution of supersaturated carbon atoms, the lattice distortion is increased and the dislocation density is increased, which significantly reduces the plastic deformation ability. This is the reason for the high hardness of martensite . Obviously, the higher the carbon content, the greater the degree of distortion, and the higher the hardness. After quenching, steels with different carbon content have a large range between the hardness value and the martensite content and carbon content. Good correspondence, the hardness of tempered steel after tempering depends on the tempering temperature and holding time. The higher the tempering temperature, the longer the holding time and the lower the hardness. Therefore, the hardness test can be used to study the phase transformation of steel and as a means to detect the heat treatment effect of steel.
standard test
National standard | International Standard |
GB/T 4341-2001 Metal Shore Hardness Test Method 2002-05-01 implemented, replacing GB/T 4341-1984 GB/T 9966.5-2001 Test method for natural facing stones Part 5: Shore hardness test method 2002-08-01 implemented, replacing GB/T 9966.5-1988 GB/T 231.2-2002 Metal Brinell Hardness Test Part 2: Inspection and Calibration of Hardness Testers Implemented on 2003-05-01, replacing GB/T 6269-1997 GB/T 231.3-2002 Metal Brinell hardness test. Part 3: Calibration of standard hardness blocks implemented 2003-05-01, replacing GB/T 6270-1997 GB/T 17394-1998 Metal Leeb hardness test method 1998-12-01 implementation GB/T 18449.2-2001 Metal Knoop Hardness Test Part 2: Inspection of Hardness Tester 2002-05-01 GB/T 18449.3-2001 Metal Knoop Hardness Test Part 3: Calibration of Standard Hardness Blocks Implemented on 2002-05-01 GB/T 3854-2005 Reinforced plastic Bakool hardness test method 2005-12-01 implemented, replacing GB/T 3854-1983 GB/T 5766-2007 Test method for Rockwell hardness of friction materials Implemented on 2008-06-01, replacing GB/T 5766-1996 GB/T 2654-2008 Hardness test method for welded joints implemented on 2008-09-01, replacing GB/T 2654-1989 GB/T 531.1-2008 Test method for indentation hardness of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber Part 1: Shore hardness tester method (Shore hardness) 2008-12-01 GB/T 13313-2008 Roller Shore and Leeb Hardness Test Methods 2009-05-01 implemented, replacing GB/T 13313-1991 GB/T 1941-2009 Wood hardness test method 2009-08-01 implemented, replacing GB/T 1941-1991 GB/T 4909.8-2009 Bare wire test method Part 8: Hardness test Brinell method 2009-12-01 Implementation GB/T 531.2-2009 Vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber indentation hardness test method. Part 2: Portable rubber international hardness test method 2009-12-01 implemented, replacing GB/T 531-1999 GB/T 16534-2009 Fine ceramics room temperature hardness test method 2009-12-01 implemented, replacing GB/T 16534-1996 GB/T 231.4-2009 Metal materials Brinell hardness test Part 4: Hardness value table 2010-04-01 implementation GB/T 230.1-2009 Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part 1: Test methods (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T scale) 2010-04-01 implementation, instead GB/T 230.1-2004 GB/T 18449.4-2009 Metallic materials Knoop hardness test Part 4: Hardness table 2010-04-01 implementation GB/T 4340.4-2009 Metal materials Vickers hardness test Part 4: Hardness value table 2010-04-01 implementation GB/T 18449.1-2009 Metallic material Knoop hardness test Part 1: Test method 2010-04-01 implementation, replacing GB/T 18449.1-2001 GB/T 24523-2009 Metal material rapid indentation (Brinell) hardness test method 2010-05-01 implementation GB/T 7997-1987 Carbide Vickers hardness test method 1988-03-01 GB/T 3849.2-2010 Carbide Rockwell Hardness Test (Scale A) Part 2: Preparation and Calibration of Standard Test Blocks 2011-11-01 Implementation GB/T 27552-2011 Destructive test for welds of metallic materials GB/T 9790-1988 Vickers and Knoop microhardness test of metal coating and other related coatings 1989-09-01 | ISO6506-1:1999,Metallic materials—Brinell hardness test—Part 1:Test method |
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The so-called hardness is the ability of the material to resist the pressing of harder objects into its surface. According to the different test methods and adaptation scopes, the hardness units can be divided into Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, micro Vickers hardness, etc.
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